The susceptibility of wheat to environmental changes is increasing at an ever-faster rate. This paper discusses trends of climate change, its effects, measurement methodologies, and adaptation alternatives in semi-dry and dry climates. In the wheat season, the temperature in Asia's mid-latitude could rise by 2.4 °C. According to several assessments, present varieties and production technologies will reduce the wheat output by 10 to 50 % in future climates. Climate change impacts have been quantified and adaptations developed using mechanical yield models, numerical models, field tests, and field trials in various locations. Wheat is mostly grown in irrigated and monsoon environments in semi-dry and dry areas of South Asia. Wheat is more vulnerable to climate change in dry regions than in semi-dry environments by the insufficient availability of moisture. Various solutions may be implemented in the agricultural systems in the future to mitigate climate change impacts on wheat production. In future climate circumstances, agronomic and breeding changes could potentially counterbalance or even improve wheat grain output.

Keywords: climate change, wheat, Pakistan, temperature, carbon dioxide, simulation modelling. Review Article Cite this