Millets, the age-old grains woven into the fabric of traditional diets across various regions, have recently resurfaced as a promising solution to tackle the pressing challenges of food and nutritional security. These grains stand out for their wealth of essential nutrients like protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, making them a valuable addition to a balanced diet. Additionally, their low glycemic index renders them an excellent choice for individuals seeking to manage diabetes and obesity effectively. A standout feature of millets is their gluten-free nature, making them a highly sought-after alternative for those with gluten intolerance or sensitivity. Moreover, millets possess a unique resilience, as they thrive in adverse climatic conditions, making them a dependable food source for smallholder farmers in regions with marginal resources. Regrettably, despite their enormous potential, millets have been largely overlooked and underutilized in modern food systems. To shed light on this untapped resource, this book chapter takes a comprehensive look at the nutritional value of millets and their potential to contribute significantly to food and nutritional security worldwide. The chapter also delves into the challenges and opportunities involved in promoting millets in modern food systems, emphasizing the crucial need for policy support and investments to unlock the full potential of these age-old grains. By doing so, we can usher in a new era of sustainable, nutritious, and resilient food options that benefit both individuals and communities alike.

Keywords: Health benefits, Millets, Food security, Nutritional security, Sustainable agriculture, Traditional foods.